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119
doc/apps/ca.pod
119
doc/apps/ca.pod
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
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=head1 NAME
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=encoding utf8
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ca - sample minimal CA application
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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@@ -67,7 +65,7 @@ and their status.
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The options descriptions will be divided into each purpose.
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ca指令是CA中很小的应用。它可以用来签发各种形式的用户证书并产生CRL。它还可以用来更新证书库。
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在这些选项的介绍中,将尽可能地对它们进行分类介绍。
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在这些指令的介绍中,将尽可能地对它们进行分类介绍。
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=head1 OPTIONS
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@@ -168,7 +166,7 @@ the password used to encrypt the private key. Since on some
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systems the command line arguments are visible (e.g. Unix with
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the 'ps' utility) this option should be used with caution.
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用于加密私钥的密码。因为在某些系统上命令行参数是可见的(例如使用“ps”实用程序的Unix),应谨慎使用此选项。
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用于加密私钥的密码。因为在某些系统上命令行参数是可见的(例如使用“ps”实用程序的Unix),应谨慎使用此指令。
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=item B<-selfsign>
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@@ -266,7 +264,6 @@ DNs match the order of the request. This is not needed for Xenroll.
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而在默认情况下,证书主题名称内的各个选项顺序是按照配置文件中的证书匹配策略子段的
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选项顺序进行排列的。
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=item B<-noemailDN>
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The DN of a certificate can contain the EMAIL field if present in the
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@@ -276,13 +273,17 @@ EMAIL field is removed from the certificate' subject and set only in
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the, eventually present, extensions. The B<email_in_dn> keyword can be
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used in the configuration file to enable this behaviour.
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一个证书的主体名称可以包含E-mail项目,但是将电子邮件放在主体别名中会更好一点。
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当你启用这个选项后e-mail会从证书主体名称移除并最终设在主体别名中。
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可以在配置文件中使用email_in_dn来启用这个行为。
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=item B<-batch>
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this sets the batch mode. In this mode no questions will be asked
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and all certificates will be certified automatically.
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该选项设定batch模式。在这一模式中ca指令不提示用户输入任何信息而直接签发所有输入的证书请求。
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=item B<-extensions section>
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the section of the configuration file containing certificate extensions
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@@ -293,12 +294,18 @@ is present (even if it is empty), then a V3 certificate is created. See the:w
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L<x509v3_config(5)> manual page for details of the
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extension section format.
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配置文件部分包含了颁发证书时要添加的证书扩展名(默认为x509_extensions,除非使用-extfile选项)。
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如果没有扩展部分,则创建V1证书。如果存在扩展部分(即使该部分为空),则创建V3证书。
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有关扩展部分格式的详细信息,请参阅x509v3_config(5)手册页。
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=item B<-extfile file>
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an additional configuration file to read certificate extensions from
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(using the default section unless the B<-extensions> option is also
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used).
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一个专门用来保存X.509 v3扩展项信息的文件。
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=item B<-engine id>
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specifying an engine (by its unique B<id> string) will cause B<ca>
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@@ -306,12 +313,17 @@ to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the specified engine,
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thus initialising it if needed. The engine will then be set as the default
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for all available algorithms.
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指定一个引擎(通过其唯一的id字符串)会导致ca尝试获取对指定engine设备的功能引用
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并进行初始化如果需要。这个engine将被设置为所有可用算法的默认。
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=item B<-subj arg>
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supersedes subject name given in the request.
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The arg must be formatted as I</type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...>,
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characters may be escaped by \ (backslash), no spaces are skipped.
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重新填写用户的证书主体名称。subj选项的参数格式为/type0=value0/type1=value1/type2...,字符可能会被\转义,空格不被跳过。
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=item B<-utf8>
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this option causes field values to be interpreted as UTF8 strings, by
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@@ -319,17 +331,23 @@ default they are interpreted as ASCII. This means that the field
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values, whether prompted from a terminal or obtained from a
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configuration file, must be valid UTF8 strings.
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这一选项字段值转为UTF8字符串,默认情况下为ASCII。这意味着字段值(无论从终端提示还是从配置文件获取)都必须是有效的UTF8字符串。
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=item B<-create_serial>
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if reading serial from the text file as specified in the configuration
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fails, specifying this option creates a new random serial to be used as next
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serial number.
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如果从配置中指定的文本文件读取序列失败,该选项可以创造一个新的随机序列作为下一个序列号。
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=item B<-multivalue-rdn>
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This option causes the -subj argument to be interpreted with full
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support for multivalued RDNs. Example:
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该选项可以解释-subj参数,并完全支持多RND。
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I</DC=org/DC=GmSSL/DC=users/UID=123456+CN=John Doe>
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If -multi-rdn is not used then the UID value is I<123456+CN=John Doe>.
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@@ -344,32 +362,46 @@ If -multi-rdn is not used then the UID value is I<123456+CN=John Doe>.
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this option generates a CRL based on information in the index file.
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该选项用于生成一个基于索引文件信息的CFL,
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=item B<-crldays num>
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the number of days before the next CRL is due. That is the days from
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now to place in the CRL nextUpdate field.
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以“天”为单位设置CRL的有效期。
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=item B<-crlhours num>
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the number of hours before the next CRL is due.
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以小时为单位设置CRL有效期。
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=item B<-revoke filename>
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a filename containing a certificate to revoke.
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一个包含要撤销的证书的文件名
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=item B<-valid filename>
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a filename containing a certificate to add a Valid certificate entry.
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一个包含添加有效证书条目的证书的文件名。
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=item B<-status serial>
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displays the revocation status of the certificate with the specified
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serial number and exits.
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显示具有指定序列号的证书的撤销状态并退出。
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=item B<-updatedb>
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Updates the database index to purge expired certificates.
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更新数据库索引清除以过期的证书。
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=item B<-crl_reason reason>
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revocation reason, where B<reason> is one of: B<unspecified>, B<keyCompromise>,
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@@ -380,6 +412,10 @@ insensitive. Setting any revocation reason will make the CRL v2.
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In practice B<removeFromCRL> is not particularly useful because it is only used
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in delta CRLs which are not currently implemented.
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撤销原因,其中的原因有:未指定,key妥协,CA妥协,联系改变,superseded,cessationofoperation,insensitive。设置任何撤销原因将使CRL变成v2.
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实际上,removeFromCRL不是特别有用因为,因为它仅用于当前未实现的deltaCRL。
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=item B<-crl_hold instruction>
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This sets the CRL revocation reason code to B<certificateHold> and the hold
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@@ -387,16 +423,23 @@ instruction to B<instruction> which must be an OID. Although any OID can be
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used only B<holdInstructionNone> (the use of which is discouraged by RFC2459)
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B<holdInstructionCallIssuer> or B<holdInstructionReject> will normally be used.
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这会将CRL撤销原因代码设置为certificatehold,并将指令的保持指令设置为必须是OID的指令。
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虽然任何OID只能使用holdInstructionNone*RFC2459不鼓励使用它),但通常会使用holdInstructionCallIssuer或holdInstruvtionReject。
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=item B<-crl_compromise time>
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This sets the revocation reason to B<keyCompromise> and the compromise time to
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B<time>. B<time> should be in GeneralizedTime format that is B<YYYYMMDDHHMMSSZ>.
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将撤销原因设置为keyCompromise并将妥协时间设为time。time应为广义时间格式:YYYYMMDDHHMMSSZ。
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=item B<-crl_CA_compromise time>
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This is the same as B<crl_compromise> except the revocation reason is set to
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B<CACompromise>.
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该选项与crl_compromise一样,除了撤销原因是CACompromise。
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=item B<-crlexts section>
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the section of the configuration file containing CRL extensions to
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@@ -408,6 +451,8 @@ that some software (for example Netscape) can't handle V2 CRLs. See
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L<x509v3_config(5)> manual page for details of the
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extension section format.
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这部分包含CRL扩展的配置文件。 如果不存在CRL扩展部分,则创建V1 CRL,如果存在CRL扩展部分(即使为空),则创建V2 CRL。 指定的CRL扩展是CRL扩展,而不是CRL条目扩展。 应该注意的是,某些软件(例如Netscape)无法处理V2 CRL。 有关扩展部分格式的详细信息,请参阅x509v3_config(5)手册页。
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=back
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=head1 CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS
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@@ -432,6 +477,10 @@ option is described as mandatory then it must be present in
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the configuration file or the command line equivalent (if
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any) used.
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包含ca选项的配置文件部分如下所示:如果使用-name命令行选项,则命名要使用的部分。 否则要使用的部分必须在配置文件(或配置文件的默认部分)的ca部分的default_ca选项中命名。 除了default_ca,以下选项直接从ca部分读取:RANDFILE preserve msie_hack除了RANDFILE之外,这可能是一个错误,可能会在将来的版本中更改。
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许多配置文件选项与命令行选项相同。 在配置文件和命令行中存在选项的地方,使用命令行值。 在某个选项被描述为强制性的情况下,它必须存在于配置文件或命令行等效(如果有的话)中。
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=over 4
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=item B<oid_file>
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@@ -441,6 +490,9 @@ Each line of the file should consist of the numerical form of the
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object identifier followed by white space then the short name followed
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by white space and finally the long name.
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这指定一个包含其他对象标识符的文件。 文件的每一行应由对象标识符的数字形式组成
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,后跟空格,短名称后跟空格,最后是长名称。
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=item B<oid_section>
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This specifies a section in the configuration file containing extra
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@@ -448,57 +500,80 @@ object identifiers. Each line should consist of the short name of the
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object identifier followed by B<=> and the numerical form. The short
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and long names are the same when this option is used.
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这指定了配置文件中包含额外对象标识符的部分。 每一行都应该包含对象标识符的短名称,
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后面是=和数字形式。 当使用此选项时,短名称和长名称相同。
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=item B<new_certs_dir>
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the same as the B<-outdir> command line option. It specifies
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the directory where new certificates will be placed. Mandatory.
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与-outdir命令行选项相同。 它指定将放置新证书的目录。强制性。
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=item B<certificate>
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the same as B<-cert>. It gives the file containing the CA
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certificate. Mandatory.
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与-cert命令行选项相同。它给出包含CA证书的文件。强制性。
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=item B<private_key>
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same as the B<-keyfile> option. The file containing the
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CA private key. Mandatory.
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与-keyfile选项相同。文件包含CA私钥。强制性。
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=item B<RANDFILE>
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a file used to read and write random number seed information, or
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an EGD socket (see L<RAND_egd(3)>).
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用于读取和写入随机数种子信息的文件,或EGD套接字(请参阅RAND_egd(3))。
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=item B<default_days>
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the same as the B<-days> option. The number of days to certify
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a certificate for.
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和-days相同。认证证书的天数。
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=item B<default_startdate>
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the same as the B<-startdate> option. The start date to certify
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a certificate for. If not set the current time is used.
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和-startdate相同。认证证书的开始日期。 如果未设置,则使用当前时间。
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=item B<default_enddate>
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the same as the B<-enddate> option. Either this option or
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B<default_days> (or the command line equivalents) must be
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present.
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和-enddate相同。该选项或default_days(或命令行等效项)必须存在。
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=item B<default_crl_hours default_crl_days>
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the same as the B<-crlhours> and the B<-crldays> options. These
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will only be used if neither command line option is present. At
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least one of these must be present to generate a CRL.
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与-crlhours和-crldays选项一样。 只有在命令行选项不存在的情况下才会使用这些。 必须至少有一个必须存在才能生成CRL。
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=item B<default_md>
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the same as the B<-md> option. Mandatory.
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和-md一样。强制性。
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=item B<database>
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the text database file to use. Mandatory. This file must be present
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though initially it will be empty.
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要使用的文本数据库文件。强制性。该文件必须存在但一开始它是空的。
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=item B<unique_subject>
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if the value B<yes> is given, the valid certificate entries in the
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@@ -509,44 +584,63 @@ versions of GmSSL. However, to make CA certificate roll-over easier,
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it's recommended to use the value B<no>, especially if combined with
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the B<-selfsign> command line option.
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如果给出值yes,则数据库中的有效证书条目必须具有唯一主题。 如果给出值no,几个有效的证书条目可能具有完全相同的主题。 默认值为yes,与GmSSL的旧版(0.9.8)版本兼容。 但是,为了使CA证书转换更容易,建议使用值no,特别是如果与-selfsign命令行选项相结合。
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=item B<serial>
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a text file containing the next serial number to use in hex. Mandatory.
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This file must be present and contain a valid serial number.
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||||
一个包含了下一个要使用序列号的十六进制文本文件。强制性。
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该文件必须存在并包含有效的序列号。
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=item B<crlnumber>
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||||
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||||
a text file containing the next CRL number to use in hex. The crl number
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||||
will be inserted in the CRLs only if this file exists. If this file is
|
||||
present, it must contain a valid CRL number.
|
||||
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||||
包含用于十六进制的下一个CRL编号的文本文件。 只有当此文件存在时,crl号才会插入到CRL中。 如果此文件存在,它必须包含有效的CRL号码。
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=item B<x509_extensions>
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the same as B<-extensions>.
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||||
和-extensions一样
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||||
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||||
=item B<crl_extensions>
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||||
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||||
the same as B<-crlexts>.
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||||
和-crlexts一样
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=item B<preserve>
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||||
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the same as B<-preserveDN>
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||||
和-peserveDN一样
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=item B<email_in_dn>
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||||
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||||
the same as B<-noemailDN>. If you want the EMAIL field to be removed
|
||||
from the DN of the certificate simply set this to 'no'. If not present
|
||||
the default is to allow for the EMAIL filed in the certificate's DN.
|
||||
the default is to allow for the EMAIL field in the certificate's DN.
|
||||
|
||||
和-noemailDN一样。如果您希望将EMAIL字段从证书的DN中删除,请将其设置为“否”。 如果不存在,默认值是允许证书的DN中的EMAIL字段。
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||||
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=item B<msie_hack>
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||||
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||||
the same as B<-msie_hack>
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||||
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||||
和-msie_hack一样
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||||
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||||
=item B<policy>
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||||
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||||
the same as B<-policy>. Mandatory. See the B<POLICY FORMAT> section
|
||||
for more information.
|
||||
|
||||
和-policy一样。强制性。更多详情请参考POLICY FORMAT部分。
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||||
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||||
=item B<name_opt>, B<cert_opt>
|
||||
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||||
these options allow the format used to display the certificate details
|
||||
@@ -564,6 +658,12 @@ GmSSL is used. Use of the old format is B<strongly> discouraged because
|
||||
it only displays fields mentioned in the B<policy> section, mishandles
|
||||
multicharacter string types and does not display extensions.
|
||||
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||||
这些选项允许在询问用户确认签名时用于显示证书详细信息的格式。 x509 utilities -nameopt和-certopt开关支持的所有选项可以在这里使用,除了no_signame和no_sigdump被永久设置并且不能禁用(这是因为证书签名无法显示,因为证书尚未在此签名 点)。
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||||
|
||||
为方便起见,ca_default值被两者接受以产生合理的输出。
|
||||
|
||||
如果两个选项不存在,则使用早期版本的GmSSL中使用的格式。 强烈建议不要使用旧格式,因为它仅显示策略部分中提及的字段,处理多字符串字符串类型,并且不显示扩展名。
|
||||
|
||||
=item B<copy_extensions>
|
||||
|
||||
determines how extensions in certificate requests should be handled.
|
||||
@@ -578,6 +678,11 @@ using this option.
|
||||
The main use of this option is to allow a certificate request to supply
|
||||
values for certain extensions such as subjectAltName.
|
||||
|
||||
确定如何处理证书请求中的扩展。 如果设置为none或此选项不存在,则扩展名将被忽略,不会复制到证书。 如果设置为复制,请求中存在的任何尚未存在的扩展名将复制到证书。 如果设置为copyall,则请求中的所有扩展都将复制到证书中:如果扩展名已经存在于证书中,则首先将其删除。 使用此选项之前,请参阅警告部分。
|
||||
|
||||
此选项的主要用途是允许证书请求为某些扩展名(如subjectAltName)提供值。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
=back
|
||||
|
||||
=head1 POLICY FORMAT
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user